Built-in Functions

The print built-in is used to display output to the console. It is one of the most commonly used functions in the language and is typically the first step in learning how to interact with programs.

# Single value
print("Hello")

# Multiple values (space-separated)
print("Value:", x, "Result:", result)

Same as print, but writes output without a trailing newline. Useful for building output across multiple calls on a single line — progress indicators, prompts, or manually controlled formatting.

printOut("Loading")
printOut(".")
printOut(".")
printOut(".")
print(" done")   # print() still adds the newline at the end
# Output: Loading... done

• expOne or more values to write — same argument rules as print.

The ask built-in is used to receive input from the user during program execution. It pauses the program until the user provides a response, then returns that response as a String.

# Without prompt
tag name = ask()

# With prompt
tag age = ask("Enter your age: ")

# Always returns String
tag input = ask("Say something: ")
print("You said:", input)

• prompt(optional) A string message displayed to the user before waiting for input. If omitted, the program simply waits for input.

The type built-in is used to determine the data type of a value or variable at runtime. It is especially useful when working with user input (from ask) or dynamic values, where the type may not be immediately obvious.

print(type(42))      # "Int"
print(type(3.14))    # "Float"
print(type("text"))  # "String"
print(type(true))    # "Bool"

# Useful for debugging
tag value = 100
print("Type of value is:", type(value))

Returns the absolute value of a number (an Int or Float). If the number is positive, it returns the same number; if negative, it returns its positive counterpart.

tag a = abs(-10)      # 10
tag b = abs(-3.14)    # 3.14

min() compares all arguments and returns the smallest one. max() compares all arguments and returns the largest one. Works with Int, Float, and String (lexicographic comparison).

tag small = min(5, 10)  # 5
tag large = max(5, 10)  # 10
print(min("apple", "banana")) # Output: apple

Returns the sum of all given arguments — an alternative to using +. Adds all numeric arguments together and returns an Int or Float depending on the input.

tag sum = add(7, 3)
print(sum)  # Output: 10

tag num = add(2, 3.0)
print(num)  # Output: 5.0

Loads the provided resource at compile time and reads the content of a file as String from the given path.

# Read entire file as string
tag content = Onload("data.txt")
print("File size:", content.size())

# Error if file doesn't exist
tag config = Onload("config.json")